RTG’s CHOOH2 was a bit of remarkable foresight from the late 80s / early 90s positing then politically unthinkable adoption of ethanol based vehicle fuels (but assuming genetic crop modification for improved efficiency to be viable as a full petroleum replacement). It also became the dystopian driver for agcorp automated megafarms and associated rural displacement, setting in game conditions for Hardwired’s Damnation Alley and the nomad interior between isolated urban blocs. Like the shattered solar plants in the desert outside of Night City, it is the visible marker of green energy failures; evidenced by the importance of legacy fuels as strategic contests in the 2nd and 4th corporate wars. Further, it is an immediate tell for the hyperinflation that devastated that future America, with those prices 2-4x higher or more in legacy USD (although one can note the rare miss of predictive accuracy in assuming the euro would remain more highly valued.) The correct adjusted canonical price comparison to the current era would be upwards of $24 USD per gallon real world (when paying in gold or hard goods), more if trying to convince the seller to accept greenbacks.
Biofuels were also not a policy choice, they were posited in lore as a crisis adaptation to the loss of the entire OPEC oil output following catastrophic nuclear weapons exchange in the Persian Gulf. It is still a range and performance reduced, costly cope that fundamentally altered land ownership, population geographies, personal automotive access, and many other things downstream. It is one of the most fundamental breaking points in the collapse of America as we know it, towards its devolved game state.
Fun Cyberpunk lore fact: energy and climate change are solved problems due to the existence of CHOO2, a sugar based, clean burning fuel that literally grows on fields
So all their energy/climate problems are either there by design or because no one can be bothered to fix it