Patients at Nasser Hospital in Gaza's Khan Younis are clinging to Doctors Without Borders as Israel moves to ban the organisation and dozens of other aid groups from operating in Gaza from March 1.
Israel says 37 organisations failed to provide detailed information on Palestinian staff, a move widely condemned by humanitarian groups as collective punishment.
Alongside MSF, organisations providing food distribution, clean water, sanitation, shelter, disability support, child protection and psychosocial care are also being forced out.
Aid workers warn this will immediately deepen hunger, waterborne disease, untreated trauma and the collapse of emergency shelter, with children, the elderly, people with disabilities and the wounded among the hardest hit.
Around 60 percent of Gaza’s field hospitals are run by NGOs, as well as over half of the delivery of food assistance in the territory.
NGOs also run a large proportion (30 percent) of emergency education activities, water and sanitation measures services (42 percent) and shelter and non food item activities (nearly 70 percent).
International observers say the expulsions are aimed at dismantling life saving services while removing independent witnesses and monitors.
Critics warn the bans clear the way for further human rights violations as Israel continues its genocide against Palestinians by systematically attacking civilians, destroying healthcare, aid delivery and civilian survival systems.