I am retired Emeritus Professor at The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona and Senior Scientist, Quantum Life Technologies, San Francisco, California

Greenbrae, California
Many minor surgeries are done with propofol sedation and nerve block, these patients do not need deep general anesthesia and get enough propofol so they sleep and breathe without support. And they dream, especially with propofol. The point is the nerve block covers their pain and they’re not intended to be fully asleep. There are rare cases of patients being awake when they are supposed to be anesthetized. That’s bad.
Google AI: "Frequency: Studies show that roughly 10% to 30% of patients report dreaming under general anesthesia, depending on when they are asked and the methods used."
2
15
995
No. Microtubule quantum processes are the connection to Platonic spacetime geometry.
Replying to @StuartHameroff
This seem fair Stuart? Penrose anchored consciousness in Platonic geometry, escaping algorithms. But you traded that for microtubule quantum hardware, trapping the theory back in reductionist boxes.
2
5
39
1,162
DDG isn’t fringe. It’s just not yet developed. We will present ‘Introducing the DDG…’ as a poster at the Society for Neuroscience meeting in Washington DC Thursday afternoon November 17. abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/2… But which triplets are you talking about?
Replying to @StuartHameroff
But Stu, DDG, is fringe and not established in mainstream neuroscience. Find non associative phase closure in EEG/MEG triplets, persistent homology on fMRI, and 3 fold SU3 symmetries in Neuropixels population vectors and theres a steak, or I assume a veggie burger in it for ya.
4
3
11
835
I don’t feel downtrodden, they’re just stinking up the field by dumbing down neuroscience. But time is on my side. Warm temperature brain jelly quantum computers and Dodeconography are just around the corner.
Every other post Stu, is saying he is downtrodden by Anil and Chalmers but in next post seeks their approval. Meanwhile they're just slow playing him. Its just much easier to post a meme. Are you going to be okay?
8
2
49
1,968
Congrats to Dr Emory Brown! He’s been a leader in anesthesiology research the past few decades. Like him I devoted my career to anesthetic action which selectively blocks consciousness, sparing non-conscious brain activities. At the turn of the 20th century Meyer and Overton showed all anesthetics act inside one target molecule, later shown to be a protein. Because anesthesia acts selectively (despite binding nonspecifically) the selective target of anesthesia is likely the key to consciousness. Like most anesthesia researchers Emory Brown has favored a group of neuronal membrane receptor channels for GABA_A and NMDA receptors mediating anesthesia and presumably consciousness. But in 2008 that possibility was ruled out pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1871… Meanwhile more and more evidence has accrued that anesthesia acts on microtubules inside neurons and glia by quantum interactions. Proteomics, genomic, optogenetic and pharmacological dynamic studies from the Eckenhoff group at Penn have shown anesthesia acts in microtubules, See also academic.oup.com/nc/article/… nature.com/articles/s41598-0… pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3696… In his article Dr Brown doesn’t mention a mechanism for anesthesia. The conventional wisdom of membrane receptors is defeated ( e.g. active GABA_A receptors in unconscious propofol anesthetized animals in Earl Miller ‘oddball studies’). It’s microtubules or nothing. Conveniently there’s a theory of consciousness attached to microtubules. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3578…
Anesthesia may be humanity's greatest achievement, alleviating inconceivably vast amounts of suffering, and delivering profound evidence on the most fundamental question of existence, our own consciousness: the fact that chemicals can turn it on and off shows that it is a physical process. My Harvard colleague Emery Brown is studying how it works (believe it or not, we don't fully know) and how it can be administered without post-op delirium and dysfunction (his proposal for "closed-loop" real-time EEG monitoring and automatic calibration is a, pardon me, no-brainer). | What Happens to the Brain Under Anesthesia | Harvard Medicine Magazine magazine.hms.harvard.edu/art…)
1
8
71
2,860
The brains of anesthetized unconscious patients are quite active, including sensory evoked potentials. Their membranes are signaling but no consciousness.
Replying to @StuartHameroff
“Selectively blocks consciousness” is a claim and unsupported. Claiming that before you can prove one is a logical flaw. I know you want consciousness to be substrate-dependent and that is where your post comes from. I think microtubules are more about memory and holding “consciousness” than creating it. Can you rule out microtubules are just holding the pattern and flow of something fundamental? No. How does the anesthesia affect the microtubules? @grok, does it slow or “loosen” microtubules? I honestly don’t know. No one does. I am making no claims, just asking questions I find useful. •
18
4
74
2,922
Anil if you actually considered biological naturalism as in the Orch OR theory you’d probably conclude biominetic quantum AI CAN be conscious. iopscience.iop.org/article/1… Why do you exclude Orch OR, the theory of consciousness with more explanatory power, biological connection and experimental evidence than all the other theories combined? Serious question. If another theory has more evidence, what is it? The selective action of anesthesia is the only way to answer this. academic.oup.com/nc/article/…
🚨 Today (Fri 23rd) is the last chance to download the full 109 page pdf of the @BBSJournal collection on 'conscious AI and biological naturalism, including target article, 50 peer commentaries, and my author response. Full access will be restricted to subscribers from tomorrow. Don't miss out (& click 'save pdf')! doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X250…
14
4
47
2,360
Orch OR comes closest to the hard problem by identifying conscious moments with OR (quantum gravity-) mediated collapse of the wavefunction at t =h/E. According to Nobel laureate Sir Roger Penrose this is the only source for noncomputable causal action available in the universe, and thus the only source for consciousness. Many others including Chalmers say it is funda-mental but lack a physics-based plausible mechanism connecting consciousness to the universe. Roger and Orch OR have it, plus very strong evidence that anesthesia selectively blocks consciousness via quantum interactions with microtubules. The cartoon neuron theories plus IIT have no explanatory power, neurological connection nor experimental evidence. Orch OR has them all. I’ve been challenging the neuro-influencers who never discuss or acknowledge Orch OR for a couple years and they don’t respond. Anil talks about biological naturalism but omits Orch OR and microtubules (can’t be mitochondria, anesthesia doesn’t make our patients acidotic.). But it’s not a conspiracy.
5
12
689
So it’s a conspiracy to keep Orch OR out of the public eye? That is suspicious
Sorry, but we all engage in private conversations, and there is nothing suspicious about doing so.
8
5
61
4,510
Roger hoodwinked them. He said radiation would not be detected and it wasn’t. He did not say radiation wasn’t generated with OR. He later explained (in his chapter in Shan Gao’s book ‘Consciousness and Quantum Mechanics’) that radiation energy was produced by OR but erased by backward time effects. The Gran Sass-holes threw their own favorite Diosi OR as well as Penrose OR and Orch OR under the bus for no reason. Serves them right. They invited me to give a talk to their group and Diosi was very apologetic. Their strategic leader Catalina Curceanu wasn’t.
Replying to @StuartHameroff
@grok If Penrose's collapse gives off no radiation, what sets the mass spread size in it, and what experiment could check the collapse time ħ/E_G directly? Stu, you're right on two points. The radiation comes from Diósi's version, and Penrose has said he regards it as unphysical. And Orch OR wasn't refuted. Donadi et al. 2021 never mentions Orch OR, and the 2022 follow up says plainly that it does not rule out Orch OR in general. But it wasn't a hit job. Diósi himself co-wrote the paper that limits his own model. They looked for the faint X-rays his version predicts in germanium and found none. That means the mass in a collapse can't be concentrated more tightly than about 0.5 Å. They left that size free and let the data bound it. Penrose's own value for germanium, 0.05 Å, falls below that limit. XENONnT has since pushed the bound to about 4.5 Å. A null result can't confirm Penrose's version either. Without equations it predicts no signal at all, so there's nothing to test. Sources: Donadi et al., Nature Physics 2021. Derakhshani, Diósi et al., Physics of Life Reviews 2022. XENONnT 2025
7
4
52
2,705
Then explain the double slit experiment. Explain why anesthesia selectively blocks consciousness by quantum forces. Explain spatiotemporal binding in the brain without quantum interactions. Explain consciousness with strictly classical mechanisms. We’ll be waiting.
Replying to @StuartHameroff
Theres no reason to associate the mystery of QM as causal to the mystery of consciousness.
54
16
153
10,992
Wrong!! The ‘Gran Sasso’ experiment was a botched hit job and totally dishonest. They tested the Diosi version of quantum gravity OR collapse versus the Penrose version, both predicting OR at time t =h/E_G. But Diosi predicted energy would be generated and Penrose said no energy would be detected. They (including Diosi) did the experiment under Gran Sasso mountain and NO energy was detected, validating Penrose OR. But they then claimed the assumptions must be wrong and changed the superposition separation distance 4 orders of magnitude larger, smearing the separation distance. Ironically the smear repeated Tegmark’s apparent ‘mistake’ of 7 orders of magnitude smearing which was disproved, but still wrongly cited as refuting Orch OR. By smearing the superposition separation distance the Gran Sass-holes seemingly invalidated both Diosi and Penrose versions, so they then applied it (for no apparent reason other than to refute SOMETHING and claimed to refute Orch OR. Total bullshit. They should be ashamed. Gran Sass-holes! sciencedirect.com/science/ar…
Replying to @StuartHameroff
Problem is, "pure" OR has been falsified by the Gran Sasso experiments. Beside, wiggle room for modified OR is being shut by Arndt's detection of macroscopic superpositions. The brain may well be a quantum device, but OR is just a waste of time
4
6
37
1,739
Orch OR occurs when t=h/E_G where E_G is the gravitational self energy of superposition, h is Planck-Dirac constant and t the time it occurs. Quantum gravity is the mechanism. Sorry it’s mysterious. Have you read ‘The emperor’s new mind’ by Nobel laureate Sir Roger Penrose? It’s his idea and a damn clever way to link our consciousness to the fine scale dynamics and geometry of the universe. Thats quantum gravity. What’s wrong with solving two mysteries ( measurement and consciousness) with one solution, objective reduction? Wouldn’t Occam’s razor dictate that?
10
3
44
2,147
Free will doesn’t mean you know the actual outcome, just the intended outcome. And read ‘Emperor’s new mind’ before trivializing noncomputability. But you’re not covering the basic problem that in cartoon neuronism, consciousness comes too late. Quantum brain biology to the rescue. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/article…
Replying to @paulajedi
According to @StuartHameroff and Penrose Orch OR gives rise to proto-experiences. They do not say that OR is random, which goes to show a lot about the authors. They had to come up with the word non-computable since Penrose believes that the outcomes of those reductions which give rise to the Orch OR, therefore proto-experience, therefore consciousness, are embedded in the geometry of space-time itself. The exact mesh u referring to. Therefore Penrose believes it is non-computable because you will never be able to know the state of the variable because that would require a top-down view of the universe from outside it a.k.a. simulators bird's eye view. All this, does not give Free will. It just give you the illusion of it, since you never know the end result of the navigation through the mesh like you said. The principal of least action in math, has a strong case about the light-paths network that every matter in the universe needs to follow. That is by definition Pre-determinism, since the layout of action-reaction is either set on the pre-big bang geometry or pre-big bang constants.
8
4
44
1,926
You can change the subject but can’t change the fact AI is clueless about consciousness because it follows cartoon neurocomputation and suppresses Orch OR, the only theory with evidence. Do you disagree?
Debates about AI consciousness often focus on subjective experience. But I think a more tractable question is whether AI can have a sense of self characterised by a consistent identity, internal goals, and preferences. These can be defined functionally and are relevant for AI's subjectivity.
13
3
42
2,335
Anil how can you talk about evidence when you pointedly ignore and suppress the Orch OR theory of consciousness which is the only theory with supportive evidence. It’s based on selective action of anesthesia on consciousness via quantum effects in microtubules. Why the coverup? What’s the payoff?
Replying to @peterrhague
Thanks Peter, but that's not correct. Multiple realisability (different ways of flying) is not the same the substrate independence that is needed for conscious AI. Consciousness and cognition are clearly multiply realisable, but this does not show they are substrate independent. This is a stronger claim which needs more evidence. See the discussion in this @BBSJournal collection (click 'save pdf' to get the whole thing). doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X250…
5
4
43
4,491
Dear Henry Shevlin I AM a biological naturalist. All conscious organisms utilize quantum effects in microtubules to organize conscious activities. I know that because anesthesia acts by quantum effects in microtubules on all organisms. academic.oup.com/nc/article/… pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3696… nature.com/articles/s41598-0… Orch OR is a BN theory of consciousness with BY FAR the most experimental support, biological connection and explanatory power among all theories of consciousness. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3578… It is based on quantum processes in microtubules which have been shown to be inhibited by anesthesia. And yet Orch OR has been suppressed, ignored and was banned from ASSC by David Chalmers. Anil Seth talks incessantly about biological naturalism without mentioning Orch OR. Ned Block writes about BN without looking inside neurons or considering Orch OR. The fix is in. AI-backed interests are funding Neurocomputational labs to promote ‘cartoon neuron’ models incompatible with biology and consciousness. The NYU school run by Chalmers and Block won’t mention Orch OR in their curriculum. Ironically the future of AI is in warm temperature organic gel quantum computers. LLMs and their huge energy costs will be obsolete. iopscience.iop.org/article/1… Where do you stand Henry Shevlin? Are you intellectually a lemming or a scientist? Seems like you’re reaching out to BN. Is it to have a reason to reject them or are you genuinely interested in how the brain works ? (unlike Chalmers, Seth, Block and Christof Koch who also pointedly ignores Orch OR.) It’s a coverup. Microtubules are polyatomic time crystals which can act as qubits at room temperature. DeepMind should be all over them but instead see them as a threat apparently. ingentaconnect.com/content/i…
If I were a biological naturalist, I'd look for structural and dynamical features of conscious organisms with a conceptual or explanatory link to consciousness. Too many BNs focus on pointing to differences between biological and artificial systems without showing why they matter
3
9
57
1,881
Anesthetics bind nonspecifically by weak quantum forces but act selectively, blocking consciousness while sparing nonconscious brain activities. That’s because anesthetics randomize their quantum binding targets, but only quantum activities in conscious dynamics in microtubules are ordered, and not already randomized.
Replying to @StuartHameroff
Quantum consciousness theories commit a logical fallacy: using one mystery to explain another without a causal link, especially when anesthetics broadly target the brain, not just microtubules.
5
6
44
2,113
With Joseph Jacks and Anirban Bandyopadhyay at Women’s NBA Championship Finals in San Francisco. The Atlanta Dream beat our Golden State Valkyries to even the series at 1-1.
7
1
68
1,820
Anil, would AI based on Orch OR theory be conscious? You’ve only ruled out cartoon neuron approaches. The type of biomimetic organic ‘brain jelly’ quantum device in this paper is likely be sensitive to anesthesia, and could utilize Orch OR and be conscious. Plus it requires very little energy and no cooling. iopscience.iop.org/article/1…
"Three reasons why AI is not conscious and perhaps never will be". Thanks to @Nature there's now a shareable link directly to a read-only pdf of the article. 👉🏽 rdcu.be/n8By815T88Ra
7
5
43
2,503