professor, statistics prediction markets, probability, gambling, common sense harrycrane.com

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New Launch harrycrane.com/2026-midterms 2026 Midterm Analysis is now live - Updated market consensus - Live forecast comparisons - Forecaster and polling biases - Market inefficiency metrics
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First time a 4-1 shot has ever won in the history of betting?
Is this shaping up to be one of the biggest prediction market whiffs of all time?
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Harry Crane retweeted
These are calibration plots — which says nothing about accuracy. These are nice pictures, but they don’t prove accuracy
new paper came out on the accuracy of prediction markets tldr, they are very accurate
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Harry Crane retweeted
I’ve been warning for years, there are issues with Silver’s stuff. Garbage in, garbage out
Here are 3 of Nate Silver's own Silver Bulletin aggregates which literally assigned major “influence” to Wedgewood.
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3 examples for why calibration ≠ accuracy. Accuracy is closeness to the truth. Calibration is interpretation as a valid probability. Neither implies the other. 1. Assign 10% to every horse in a 10 horse race. Perfectly calibrated (exactly 1 horse wins every race), but useless, not accurate. 2. "Yes" happens 90% of the time. Forecast is Uniform 51-100% on Yes, Uniform 0-50% on No. Badly miscalibrated, but useful for prediction (accurate). Beats perfectly calibrated 50/50 forecast. 3. Coin toss that is biased as follows. The side facing up before the toss occurs 60% of time. The side facing up is randomized 50/50. Forecast Method #1 gives 50/50 every toss. Method #2 uses the information and gives 60% on the side facing up. Both are calibrated, Method #2 is more accurate.
These are calibration plots — which says nothing about accuracy. These are nice pictures, but they don’t prove accuracy
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Funny that this is still what many think happened in 2024, but in reverse.
The Dems are flooding prediction markets with bad bets to shift perceptions of reality. It only would cost $200,000 to change Talarico’s odds from 50 to 67% That’s a fraction of the 114 million spent on Talaricos campaign and more effective than road signs. People don’t believe polls but prediction markets create more certainty, because who would throw away money right? The best we can do is make their marketing stunt as expensive as possible by placing more bets on Paxton and collecting. Once election results hit the odds will be revealed to have been way off base and the Dems will use it as a call to regulate prediction markets.
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Election update: Senate: steady gain for D over the past week House: Ds stead in low 90% range Note huge discrepancies between the poll-based models: Senate: D probability ranges 47-76% House: D prob ranges 72-99% More details harrycrane.com/elections
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Enjoyed working with @billsperos on this story The best in the business for new developments in prediction markets
EXCLUSIVE: A new study finds that political prediction market traders are not representative of all voters, but election market prices are more accurate than leading poll-based methods and not politically biased. The study found: ✅ In its first month of listing election contracts in 2024, Kalshi's prices beat every poll-based forecast (Silver Bulletin, FiveThirtyEight, The Economist) in the national race, all seven battleground states, and 19 Senate races ✅ A trader who believed the poll-based models and traded against Kalshi's national price would have lost 92 to 100 cents per dollar. ✅ No poll-based forecast would have been profitable to trade against Kalshi in any group of presidential contests. 💰 @Kalshi's 2024 election traders were 86% male and half were under 30. 🏠 Their home zip codes voted 28% for Trump. A market that priced its traders' politics would have leaned toward Harris, not Trump. Instead, 60% of the money went to Republican positions, and Kalshi priced Trump as the favorite through the final month. 🔢 The study used data from @Kalshi in 2024, @PredictIt in 2016, and New York betting markets from 1884 to 1940. ✍️The study was authored by @HarryDCrane, Professor of Statistics at @RutgersU and member of @CFTC Innovation Advisory Committee & @KolemanStrumpf, Burchfield Presidential Chair of Political Economy, Department of Economics, @WakeForest University. Story via @Rotowire Below
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The case against forecasters in a nutshell. Models are based on assumptions. Many assumptions are hidden. Most assumptions are wrong. Some worse than others. We don't find out how bad the assumptions are, and therefore how bad the model is, until it's too late.
Just a few examples of Wedgewood Polls holding significant weight in Silver Bulletin's polling averages:
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Harry Crane retweeted
New study on DEI in political prediction markets with @KolemanStrumpf Diversity, Efficiency, and Incentives in Political Prediction Markets posted at papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.… We studied every election trade made on Kalshi in 2024 and matched the traders to their politics.  Top Line: political prediction market traders are not representative of voters, and most traders are politically biased, but the market as a whole is not biased. How? Most traders are politically biased, but they bet small. The big traders who are motivated by profit drive most of the volume and they are not politically biased. More details: - Traders who placed a single trade put 73% of their money on Harris. - Kalshi's volume came from zip codes that voted just 28% for Trump, yet 60% of it went to Republican positions. Which traders are politically biased: - Traders who placed a single trade put 73% of their money on Harris and had the lowest returns of any group. - The tie between a trader's home zip code and the side the trader took weakens as trading activity rises and is not distinguishable from zero among traders with more than 100 trades. - Active traders (>100 trades) supplied 93% of the volume, and took the same positions in red and blue zip codes. Link to full paper below
EXCLUSIVE: A new study finds that political prediction market traders are not representative of all voters, but election market prices are more accurate than leading poll-based methods and not politically biased. The study found: ✅ In its first month of listing election contracts in 2024, Kalshi's prices beat every poll-based forecast (Silver Bulletin, FiveThirtyEight, The Economist) in the national race, all seven battleground states, and 19 Senate races ✅ A trader who believed the poll-based models and traded against Kalshi's national price would have lost 92 to 100 cents per dollar. ✅ No poll-based forecast would have been profitable to trade against Kalshi in any group of presidential contests. 💰 @Kalshi's 2024 election traders were 86% male and half were under 30. 🏠 Their home zip codes voted 28% for Trump. A market that priced its traders' politics would have leaned toward Harris, not Trump. Instead, 60% of the money went to Republican positions, and Kalshi priced Trump as the favorite through the final month. 🔢 The study used data from @Kalshi in 2024, @PredictIt in 2016, and New York betting markets from 1884 to 1940. ✍️The study was authored by @HarryDCrane, Professor of Statistics at @RutgersU and member of @CFTC Innovation Advisory Committee & @KolemanStrumpf, Burchfield Presidential Chair of Political Economy, Department of Economics, @WakeForest University. Story via @Rotowire Below
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Harry Crane retweeted
New paper on political prediction markets with @HarryDCrane . arxiv.org/abs/2610.28277 papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.… 🧵below (1/n)
New study on DEI in political prediction markets with @KolemanStrumpf Diversity, Efficiency, and Incentives in Political Prediction Markets posted at papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.… We studied every election trade made on Kalshi in 2024 and matched the traders to their politics.  Top Line: political prediction market traders are not representative of voters, and most traders are politically biased, but the market as a whole is not biased. How? Most traders are politically biased, but they bet small. The big traders who are motivated by profit drive most of the volume and they are not politically biased. More details: - Traders who placed a single trade put 73% of their money on Harris. - Kalshi's volume came from zip codes that voted just 28% for Trump, yet 60% of it went to Republican positions. Which traders are politically biased: - Traders who placed a single trade put 73% of their money on Harris and had the lowest returns of any group. - The tie between a trader's home zip code and the side the trader took weakens as trading activity rises and is not distinguishable from zero among traders with more than 100 trades. - Active traders (>100 trades) supplied 93% of the volume, and took the same positions in red and blue zip codes. Link to full paper below
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New study on DEI in political prediction markets with @KolemanStrumpf Diversity, Efficiency, and Incentives in Political Prediction Markets posted at papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.… We studied every election trade made on Kalshi in 2024 and matched the traders to their politics.  Top Line: political prediction market traders are not representative of voters, and most traders are politically biased, but the market as a whole is not biased. How? Most traders are politically biased, but they bet small. The big traders who are motivated by profit drive most of the volume and they are not politically biased. More details: - Traders who placed a single trade put 73% of their money on Harris. - Kalshi's volume came from zip codes that voted just 28% for Trump, yet 60% of it went to Republican positions. Which traders are politically biased: - Traders who placed a single trade put 73% of their money on Harris and had the lowest returns of any group. - The tie between a trader's home zip code and the side the trader took weakens as trading activity rises and is not distinguishable from zero among traders with more than 100 trades. - Active traders (>100 trades) supplied 93% of the volume, and took the same positions in red and blue zip codes. Link to full paper below
EXCLUSIVE: A new study finds that political prediction market traders are not representative of all voters, but election market prices are more accurate than leading poll-based methods and not politically biased. The study found: ✅ In its first month of listing election contracts in 2024, Kalshi's prices beat every poll-based forecast (Silver Bulletin, FiveThirtyEight, The Economist) in the national race, all seven battleground states, and 19 Senate races ✅ A trader who believed the poll-based models and traded against Kalshi's national price would have lost 92 to 100 cents per dollar. ✅ No poll-based forecast would have been profitable to trade against Kalshi in any group of presidential contests. 💰 @Kalshi's 2024 election traders were 86% male and half were under 30. 🏠 Their home zip codes voted 28% for Trump. A market that priced its traders' politics would have leaned toward Harris, not Trump. Instead, 60% of the money went to Republican positions, and Kalshi priced Trump as the favorite through the final month. 🔢 The study used data from @Kalshi in 2024, @PredictIt in 2016, and New York betting markets from 1884 to 1940. ✍️The study was authored by @HarryDCrane, Professor of Statistics at @RutgersU and member of @CFTC Innovation Advisory Committee & @KolemanStrumpf, Burchfield Presidential Chair of Political Economy, Department of Economics, @WakeForest University. Story via @Rotowire Below
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Check out the full study here: papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.…
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Harry Crane retweeted
EXCLUSIVE: A new study finds that political prediction market traders are not representative of all voters, but election market prices are more accurate than leading poll-based methods and not politically biased. The study found: ✅ In its first month of listing election contracts in 2024, Kalshi's prices beat every poll-based forecast (Silver Bulletin, FiveThirtyEight, The Economist) in the national race, all seven battleground states, and 19 Senate races ✅ A trader who believed the poll-based models and traded against Kalshi's national price would have lost 92 to 100 cents per dollar. ✅ No poll-based forecast would have been profitable to trade against Kalshi in any group of presidential contests. 💰 @Kalshi's 2024 election traders were 86% male and half were under 30. 🏠 Their home zip codes voted 28% for Trump. A market that priced its traders' politics would have leaned toward Harris, not Trump. Instead, 60% of the money went to Republican positions, and Kalshi priced Trump as the favorite through the final month. 🔢 The study used data from @Kalshi in 2024, @PredictIt in 2016, and New York betting markets from 1884 to 1940. ✍️The study was authored by @HarryDCrane, Professor of Statistics at @RutgersU and member of @CFTC Innovation Advisory Committee & @KolemanStrumpf, Burchfield Presidential Chair of Political Economy, Department of Economics, @WakeForest University. Story via @Rotowire Below
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Interesting story by @sashrogel in @FortuneMagazine about an LA business hedging risk to the Dodgers playoff run. I wrote about this exact hedging case in 2025 (Sports Betting Regulation: The States v. the Public Interest harrycrane.com/files/FDLR-20…) “A restaurant or hotel that staffs up months in advance for a playoff run carries the risk that the team does not make the playoffs, and restaurants and hotels in every other city with a contending team carry the offsetting risk, which a nationwide exchange lets them hedge against one another." Prime example of something possible from @CFTC federal prediction markets that can't be done under state-by-state. fortune.com/2026/10/19/predi…
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But not all risk-taking (i.e., gambling) is frivolous. I address some of this in this month's article in the Future and Derivatives Law Report on Prediction Markets and The Public Interest: Guiding Principles for the CFTC, the States and the Courts.
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From the letter: "A roulette spin, a hand of blackjack, or a roll of the dice has no connection to any event outside the casino. A contract on such an outcome is a quintessential example of frivolous risk taking (i.e., gaming). There are some exceptions when the organized event is closer to a sporting event than a game of chance, such as a hand dealt in an organized contest of skill and which exists whether or not anyone bets on it (e.g., the final table of the World Series of Poker)."
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Full article is available here: harrycrane.com/files/FDLR-20…
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