Why does T-DXd stop working? Paired biopsies before and after ADCs, presented by
@PTarantinoMD at ESMO 2026, give a clear first answer: the tumor rarely loses HER2.
Instead, several mechanisms coexist in the same tumor:
Drug pumps up: ABCB1 rose in 5 of 7 T-DXd-treated tumors, ABCC1 in 4 of 7.
Uptake down: MAN2A2, a glycosylation enzyme, fell in 5 of 7. In cell models, silencing it reduced T-DXd binding and internalization.
After sacituzumab, no recurrent pattern at all.
For clinic: a repeat biopsy that only re-checks HER2 will usually come back "still positive" and explain nothing. The resistance happens after the drug reaches the cell.
Seven patients, hypothesis-generating. But it tells us what the next biopsy should measure.
#bcsm #ESMO26
@myESMO